The Canadian Encyclopedia — neutral, cited, updated
September 10, 2026Sources cited
Canadianwire.
Canada’s encyclopedia & explainer
HomeScience & NatureMammalWildebeest
Science & Nature • Mammal

Wildebeest

The wildebeest, also called the gnu, is a large African antelope in the genus Connochaetes.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated September 10, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The wildebeest, also called the gnu, is a large African antelope in the genus Connochaetes. Two species are recognized: the blue wildebeest and the black wildebeest. Wildebeests are herbivorous grazers native to eastern and southern Africa and are especially known for their large seasonal migrations.

Taxonomy

Wildebeests belong to the antelope family Bovidae and are placed in the genus Connochaetes. The two recognized species are the blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) and the black wildebeest (Connochaetes gnou).

Distribution and habitat

Wildebeests live in grasslands and savannahs in eastern and southern Africa. Their range includes regions such as Kenya, Tanzania, Angola, Botswana, South Africa, and neighbouring countries.

Diet and behaviour

Wildebeests are herbivores that graze on grasses and other vegetation. They often form large herds and are known for long-distance seasonal migration in search of food and water.

Conservation

The IUCN lists both the common or blue wildebeest and the black wildebeest as least concern. Available source material describes the overall population as stable or increasing, though local threats include habitat change and reduced water sources.

Key facts

  • Wildebeests are large antelopes native only to Africa.
  • They are grazers that feed mainly on grasses.
  • The genus Connochaetes includes two species: blue wildebeest and black wildebeest.
  • They are well known for large seasonal movements and mass migrations.
  • Wildebeests are considered important to African grassland ecosystems.
🍁
Canadian context

Wildebeests are commonly seen by Canadian readers through documentaries, zoo collections, and African wildlife tourism coverage, but they are not native to Canada.

Frequently asked questions

What is a wildebeest?
A wildebeest is a large African antelope, also called a gnu, in the genus Connochaetes.
How many wildebeest species are there?
There are two recognized species: the blue wildebeest and the black wildebeest.
What do wildebeests eat?
Wildebeests are herbivores that mainly graze on grasses.
Where do wildebeests live?
They live in grasslands and savannahs in eastern and southern Africa.
Are wildebeests endangered?
No. Both recognized species are listed as least concern by the IUCN.

References

  1. IFAWhttps://www.ifaw.org/animals/wildebeests
    Supports: Habitat, diet, ecological role, and IUCN least concern status.
  2. Britannica Kidshttps://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/wildebeest/602322
    Supports: Common name gnu, Africa-only range, two species, and taxonomy overview.
  3. African Wildlife Foundationhttps://www.awf.org/wildlife-conservation/wildebeest
    Supports: Physical description, races/subspecies context, and habitat/threat context.
  4. Natural Habitat Adventureshttps://www.nathab.com/know-before-you-go/african-safaris/southern-africa/wildlife-guide/wildebeest
    Supports: Size and weight range.
  5. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/blue-wildebeest
    Supports: Scientific name of the blue wildebeest.