Carpenter bee

Carpenter bees are a group of bees in the genus Xylocopa, with about 400 species found in many parts of the world.

Carpenter bees are a group of bees in the genus Xylocopa, with about 400 species found in many parts of the world. They are known for excavating tunnels in wood to nest, while feeding on nectar and pollen; they are also important native pollinators. In Canada, they are relevant as native pollinators and occasional structural pests in wooden buildings and outdoor structures.

Description

Carpenter bees are large bees in the genus Xylocopa. They are found in many regions worldwide and are often recognized by their wood-nesting behavior and shiny black abdomens. They are often mistaken for bumble bees because of their size and general appearance, but carpenter bees typically have shiny, hairless abdomens.

Behaviour and nesting

Females excavate tunnels in dead or untreated wood to lay eggs and rear young. The insects do not consume the wood itself, and the tunnels may be reused or expanded over time. Carpenter bees can damage untreated wooden structures such as eaves, siding, fences, decks, and furniture.

Pollination

Carpenter bees feed on nectar and pollen and are important pollinators of wild plants and some crops. They can perform buzz pollination, which helps release pollen from certain flowers.

Relationship with humans

Carpenter bees are sometimes considered pests when they bore into wooden buildings or outdoor structures. They are usually not aggressive and typically sting only if provoked; males cannot sting. Management is mainly focused on preventing nesting in vulnerable wood.